{"id":402466,"date":"2023-12-28T08:10:05","date_gmt":"2023-12-28T13:10:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/platohealth.ai\/cadmium-and-particulate-matter-toxicity\/"},"modified":"2023-12-28T13:00:14","modified_gmt":"2023-12-28T18:00:14","slug":"cadmium-and-particulate-matter-toxicity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/platohealth.ai\/cadmium-and-particulate-matter-toxicity\/","title":{"rendered":"Cadmium and particulate matter toxicity","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Particulate matter causes health problems for those who inhale the fine droplets and particles, but the chemical composition of the mixture matters\u2014and can vary widely across space and time. Lydia Contreras and colleagues characterize the consequences of varying levels of exposure to three chemically distinct particulate matter mixes, sourced from the National Institutes of Standards and Technology (NIST), in a human bronchial epithelial cell model. Following exposures, the authors measured changes in gene expression and cell morphology. NIST\u2019s \u201cUrban\u201d and \u201cFine\u201d particulate matter mixes, which were collected in St. Louis, Missouri and Prague, Czech Republic, respectively, induced significant changes in gene expression. Particulate matter collected from a diesel engine produced fewer changes. Higher exposures caused more significant changes. Different particulate matter mixes also induced different morphological changes, with exposure to the \u201cUrban\u201d and \u201cFine\u201d mixtures causing cells to become smaller and more rounded than exposure to the \u201cDiesel\u201d mix. These small rounded cells had signs of significant DNA damage. Next, the authors worked to identify which chemicals were responsible for these changes. Cadmium levels varied between the three mixes tested. Further, when the \u201cDiesel\u201d mix was supplemented with cadmium, it induced changes similar to that of the \u201cUrban\u201d and \u201cFine\u201d mixes. This indicated that cadmium is at least partially responsible for differences in DNA damage and toxicity between the mixtures, according to the authors.<\/p>\n

\"Engels<\/p>\n

Credit: Engels et al.<\/p>\n

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Particulate matter causes health problems for those who inhale the fine droplets and particles, but the chemical composition of the mixture matters\u2014and can vary widely across space and time. Lydia Contreras and colleagues characterize the consequences of varying levels of exposure to three chemically distinct particulate matter mixes, sourced from the National Institutes of Standards and Technology (NIST), in a human bronchial epithelial cell model. Following exposures, the authors measured changes in gene expression and cell morphology. NIST\u2019s \u201cUrban\u201d and \u201cFine\u201d particulate matter mixes, which were collected in St. Louis, Missouri and Prague, Czech Republic, respectively, induced significant changes in gene expression. Particulate matter collected from a diesel engine produced fewer changes. Higher exposures caused more significant changes. Different particulate matter mixes also induced different morphological changes, with exposure to the \u201cUrban\u201d and \u201cFine\u201d mixtures causing cells to become smaller and more rounded than exposure to the \u201cDiesel\u201d mix. These small rounded cells had signs of significant DNA damage. Next, the authors worked to identify which chemicals were responsible for these changes. Cadmium levels varied between the three mixes tested. Further, when the \u201cDiesel\u201d mix was supplemented with cadmium, it induced changes similar to that of the \u201cUrban\u201d and \u201cFine\u201d mixes. This indicated that cadmium is at least partially responsible for differences in DNA damage and toxicity between the mixtures, according to the authors.<\/p>\n

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Journal<\/h4>\n

PNAS Nexus<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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Article Title<\/h4>\n

Particulate matter composition drives differential molecular and morphological responses in lung epithelial cells<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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Article Publication Date<\/h4>\n

28-Dec-2023<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n